Tax Jurisdiction Guide

CryptaCount covers 73 jurisdictions with detailed tax profiles. Each jurisdiction includes multi-dimensional tax data: measurement basis, cost flow method, holding period rules, anti-avoidance provisions, and reporting requirements.

You can compare jurisdictions side-by-side using the Tax → Jurisdiction Compare tool.

Jurisdiction classification system

CryptaCount classifies each jurisdiction into one of five tiers that determine how the tax engine operates:

Tier	Meaning	Examples
Tier 1	Tax follows accounting — the same cost basis method is used for both financial reporting and tax	Luxembourg, Singapore
Tier 2	Tax differs from accounting — a parallel tax calculation runs alongside the books	United States, Germany
Tier 3	Unique regime — special national rules like share pooling (UK), ACB (Canada), or VDA (India)	UK, Canada, India
Tier 4	No corporate income tax or exempt — jurisdictions with no CIT or crypto exemption	UAE (individuals), Cayman Islands
Tier 5	Unclear or no formal crypto framework — CryptaCount provides basic support	Various emerging markets

Tax forms and exports

CryptaCount generates jurisdiction-specific tax forms (requires the Tax Return Generation add-on in your plan):

US forms: Form 8949, Schedule D, 1099-DA, FBAR, Form 8938, Form 8283, Form 1120, Form 1065 K-1, Form 1120-S K-1, 1099-NEC, W-2 Crypto, Form 4797, Rev. Proc. 2024-28

International: DAC8 XML export (EU), SA108 CSV (UK), plus generic CSV and TXF formats

Compatibility exports: CoinTracker CSV, Koinly CSV

Tax reconciliation for US workspaces is available under Tax → Reconciliation (1099-DA reconciliation).

European Union

Germany

Capital gains: Tax-free after 1-year holding period. Below 1 year, taxed at personal income tax rate (up to 45%).
Exemption: €600 annual de minimis threshold.
Staking: Standard 1-year holding period applies (extended 10-year period was abolished in 2022).
Method: FIFO is standard practice.
Mining/Staking income: Other income at fair market value when received.

France

Individuals (occasional): Flat 30% PFU on gains. Portfolio-wide weighted average cost formula is mandatory.
Individuals (professional): BIC/BNC regime, taxed as business income.
Method: Weighted average required for individuals. No FIFO option.
Key nuance: Weighted average is computed across the entire crypto portfolio, not per asset. CryptaCount’s Historic WAVG method handles this.

Italy

Rate: 33% on crypto capital gains from January 2026 (previously 26%).
Substitute tax: 14% option for revaluation of holdings.
Threshold: €2,000 annual exemption.
Reporting: Quadro RW for foreign-held crypto.

Luxembourg

Individuals: Gains from crypto held over 6 months are exempt. Below 6 months, progressive income tax rates.
Companies: Luxembourg GAAP. Crypto typically classified as financial or intangible assets.
Exemption: €500 annual exemption on speculative gains.

Portugal

Individuals: Gains from crypto held over 365 days are exempt (since January 2023). Short-term gains taxed at 28%.

Czech Republic

Individuals: 3-year holding period exemption (since February 2025).
Below threshold: CZK 100,000 annual exemption on disposal proceeds.

Netherlands

Individuals: No capital gains tax. Deemed return on net assets (box 3) taxed at 36%. Rate varies annually.
Key nuance: Actual gains don’t matter — only total holdings value on January 1st.

Spain

Rates: Progressive: 19% (up to €6,000), 21% (€6–50K), 23% (€50–200K), 27% (€200–300K), 28% (over €300K).
Modelo 721: Annual declaration for crypto on foreign platforms exceeding €50,000.

North America

United States

Classification: Crypto is property (not currency).
Short-term: Held ≤1 year, ordinary income rates (up to 37%).
Long-term: Held >1 year, preferential rates (0%, 15%, or 20%).
Wash sale: Does NOT currently apply to crypto.
Method: FIFO is the IRS default. LIFO, HIFO, and Specific ID permitted if consistently applied.
Reporting: Form 8949 / Schedule D. Expanding broker reporting requirements.
Staking/mining: Ordinary income at fair market value when received.

Canada

Capital gains: 50% inclusion rate.
Business income: If crypto activity constitutes a business, 100% taxable.
Method: Adjusted Cost Base (ACB) — equivalent to weighted average.

Asia-Pacific

Japan

Classification: Miscellaneous income for individuals.
Rates: Progressive up to 55% (including local taxes).
Method: Total average (weighted average) required.
Key nuance: Crypto-to-crypto swaps are taxable events.

South Korea

Status: Crypto tax deferred to January 2027.
Planned rate: 20% on gains above ₩2.5 million.

Australia

CGT discount: 50% discount on gains for assets held over 12 months.
Crypto-to-crypto: Each swap is a taxable event.
Method: Taxpayer’s choice. Must be consistent.

Singapore

Individuals: No capital gains tax.
Businesses: Trading profits taxable at 17% corporate rate.

India

Rate: Flat 30% on all crypto gains (Virtual Digital Asset regime).
TDS: 1% Tax Deducted at Source on transfers above ₹10,000.
Losses: Cannot be offset or carried forward.

Middle East

UAE

Individuals: No personal income tax. Crypto gains not taxed.
Companies: 9% corporate tax on business income above AED 375,000. Free zone exemptions may apply.

Israel

Classification: Digital assets as property.
Rate: 25% capital gains tax.

Latin America

Brazil

Rates: Progressive: 15% (up to R$5M), 17.5% (R$5–10M), 20% (R$10–30M), 22.5% (over R$30M).
Exemption: Monthly sales below R$35,000 are exempt.
Reporting: Mandatory exchange reporting for offshore holdings.